Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

In a differential diagnosis for a new mother experiencing irritability, weight loss, and palpitations, which condition is least likely to be included?

1. Mitral regurgitation

2. Graves' disease

3. Generalized anxiety disorder

4. Illicit drug use

The correct answer is: Mitral regurgitation

In the context of a differential diagnosis for a new mother presenting with irritability, weight loss, and palpitations, the likelihood of mitral regurgitation being included is reduced compared to the other options. Mitral regurgitation primarily involves structural heart issues leading to volume overload, and while it can cause symptoms such as palpitations, it typically does not present with irritability or weight loss as primary features. On the other hand, Graves' disease is an autoimmune condition that causes hyperthyroidism and commonly leads to symptoms including irritability, weight loss, and palpitations—a clear match for the symptoms presented. Generalized anxiety disorder also aligns with the symptoms of irritability and palpitations, often compounded by situational stressors in new mothers. Illicit drug use is relevant as it can lead to similar symptoms, including irritability and palpitations, due to various substances affecting neurotransmission and heart rate. Thus, due to the nature of the symptoms and the commonly associated conditions, mitral regurgitation is least likely to be included in the differential diagnosis for this scenario.