Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What is a key recommendation for patients on MAOIs regarding diet?

1. Increase sodium intake

2. Avoid tyramine-rich foods

3. Consume more alcohol

4. Restrict intake of protein

The correct answer is: Avoid tyramine-rich foods

Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) must adhere to dietary restrictions primarily to prevent hypertensive crises, which can occur when tyramine levels rise in the body. Tyramine is an amino acid found in various foods, including aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented products, and some types of beer. MAOIs inhibit the normal breakdown of tyramine, leading to potentially dangerous increases in blood pressure if these foods are consumed. Avoiding tyramine-rich foods is a crucial recommendation for patients on MAOIs. This dietary modification is critical for maintaining a safe medication regimen and ensuring patient safety while they are undergoing treatment with these powerful antidepressants. Educating patients on what foods to avoid is an important role for healthcare providers in managing their treatment effectively.