Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

Which vaccine is contraindicated for small children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

1. Diphtheria and tetanus (Td)

2. Hepatitis B and mumps

3. Varicella

4. Td and oral polio

The correct answer is: Varicella

Varicella vaccine is contraindicated for small children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to the live attenuated nature of the vaccine. Children with AIDS typically have compromised immune systems, which can make them more susceptible to serious complications from live vaccines. The varicella vaccine’s live virus has the potential to cause breakthrough infections or complications in those who are immunocompromised. In contrast, vaccines such as Diphtheria and tetanus (Td) and Hepatitis B can be safe and are often recommended even for immunocompromised individuals because they are not live vaccines. The same applies to the inactivated polio vaccine, which is considered safe for those with weakened immune systems. Thus, while other vaccines may still be given under careful consideration, varicella poses a significant risk for children with AIDS.